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Draft National Endowment for Science Technology and the Arts
Increase in Endowment

First Standing Committee on Delegated Legislation
Thursday 9 January 2003

Mr. Malcolm Moss (North-East Cambridgeshire): The Minister says that NESTA must report its  financial dealings in a clearer way in future. However, NESTA says that it is following the guidelines given to it by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Is it not, therefore, the Minister's and his Department's responsibility if the accounts are not as clear as they should be?

Mr. Caborn: Not necessarily. As the Government's response states, my Department is trying to work with NESTA to take up some of the points that were made by the Science and Technology Committee. If there are problems with the instructions that are given by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, we will examine that. As the Minister, I want to ensure that the accounts are accurate and transparent, so that they will give full knowledge to the House and to members of the public. Public money is being used, and we must ensure that it is used for the purpose for which it was given. If there are difficulties in that area, we will address them.

We have given an assurance that we will work with NESTA to address those key issues over the next few months. We have already taken steps to improve the way in which NESTA's programme expenditure is presented in the annual accounts.

I will now discuss the reasons for the proposed increase in NESTA's endowment. When NESTA was established, provision was made in the relevant National Lottery Act for the endowment to be increased by order of the Secretary of State. That provision recognised that the initial endowment alone might not be sufficient, in the long term, for NESTA to achieve all of its ambitions and challenging objectives.

In March 2001, my Department published a Green Paper, ''Culture and Creativity: The Next Ten Years'', which included some new ideas that we thought NESTA would be best placed to develop. Those ideas included new schemes to provide business support to art and design graduates and the establishment of what has subsequently become known as the NESTA Futurelab.  

Mr. Moss: Thank you, Miss Widdecombe. May I say what a pleasure it is to serve under your chairmanship once again.

I am new to the whole area of Government lottery policy. We are asked to agree to substantial new moneys for an organisation that only two months ago was the subject of a rather damning Select Committee report. That report produced a list of criticisms that the Minister brushed aside this afternoon in his drive to hand out more cash to what must be one of the Government's pet projects.

The Minister alluded to the fact that NESTA had been pressing the Government for additional funds. As far as financing is concerned, it is no secret that NESTA was looking for moneys to make up the shortfall between the predicted £10 million to £12 million from the endowment and the £8 million that it is receiving, and to expand into new areas of service and grant. I have a long list of questions on that financing. If the Minister cannot answer them this afternoon, perhaps he could write to me in the usual way.

Coming to the matter as a new boy in the shadow DCMS team, I wondered why the Government had initially gone down the route of bestowing an endowment on NESTA. Would it not have been easier to agree an income distribution from the lottery fund each year? There could have been a guaranteed amount spread over five years, under contract, and subject to review at the appropriate time. What costs does NESTA incur simply to administer, invest and monitor its investments? Surely there may be unnecessary administration costs in carrying out such financial transactions, which could have been avoided had the means of financing been different from the outset. Where is that endowment invested?

The Minister alluded to the problem with interest rates. Perhaps he could disclose to the Committee where that endowment money is invested. Does NESTA have full autonomy in investment decisions? If it does, it could incur criticism if investments did badly—for example, if it decided to invest in shares rather than Government gilts. Who is responsible for the shortfall in income over the last couple of years, which has led to an income of £8 million as opposed to the predicted £10 million to £12 million? Did the DCMS, or the Minister, or even NESTA, foresee any difficulties if income was lower than expected or it fluctuated significantly? If those difficulties were foreseen, what contingencies were identified and put in place at inception?

The grants given by NESTA appear to be one-off grants of one sort or another. At the end of the period in which original pump-priming finance has ended, to whom do individuals who have developed successful ideas turn to progress their scientifically important ideas? To whom do they go for extra funding to make their ideas reality? The Minister said that NESTA had asked for additional money. When did it approach the Government in the first instance for those finances, and when did the Government make the decision to capitulate to the demands of NESTA? It asked for £100 million extra, according to the Minister, and it is getting £95 million. Give or take a few million, it has got what it asked for.

The Minister talked about clarity in the accounts. The Select Committee was critical of that. I return to the question that I put to the Minister during his initial remarks. The Science and Technology Committee report severely criticised NESTA for the way in which it presented its accounts. Recommendation 1 says:

    ''Annual Reports should not read like the production notes in a theatre programme. Creativity should not be at the expense of clarity. We recommend that NESTA in future provide Annual Reports which contain clear and full information on expenditure, including awards made; the targets; and expenditure plans''.

The Committee Clerk kindly gave us a copy of NESTA's outline response. It is not in the public domain, but I understand that we can use it. In it, NESTA says:

    ''Like many Non-Departmental Public Bodies we are governed by the Directions given to us by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport with the approval of the Treasury and in accordance with Section 23 of the National Lottery Act 1998''.

It goes on to defend its position strongly in its outline response. Therefore, who is responsible if NESTA's accounts do not make any sense to a Select Committee, one of whose prime recommendations is that the body needs to get its act in order? It is no good for it to say that it is just following ministerial guidelines while the Minister says that it is NESTA's fault. The Committee has every right to know who is responsible for the inadequate presentation of accounts.

Mr. Caborn: I would not normally intervene, but the point is important and needs to be cleared up. We are talking about style and substance. I want to make it clear that the summary of accounts in each report has been approved by the Comptroller and Auditor General. The full annual accounts have been similarly approved and are published. We are talking not about the substance, but about the style, and the annual report, as the Select Committee said, should not read like

    ''the production notes in a theatre programme''.

I accept that fully. I have a copy of the accounts with me, and I agree with the Select Committee. When I got them, even before I saw the Select Committee's observation, I thought that they were not of a style that is necessary for an organisation such as NESTA. However, that is not to doubt accuracy of the accounts. It is only the style that was subject to criticism, criticism with which I agree, and that is why we are now working with NESTA to ensure that a different and more appropriate style is used next time. However, the accounts are accurate and have gone through the normal processes.

The Chairman: Order. I am sure that the Committee is grateful to the Minister for that explanation, but even Ministers' interventions should be brief.

Mr. Moss: We are grateful to the Minister for the clarification, if I can call it that, of his initial criticism of the accounts. We are led to believe that the figures are okay and it is just that we cannot find them, and that the presentation is inadequate, but the substance and accounting practices are spot on. Indeed, as NESTA points out in its response, the National Audit Office cleared the accounts and the Comptroller and Auditor General signed them. However, given that criticism, would it not have been sensible for NESTA or the Government to have foreseen potential problems and ensured that the accounts were published, either as an addendum or at the back of the book? That would have meant that people who were examining the accounts in a normal way could see their way through it. The Government accept that the accounts are inadequate and will need improvement, so I will move on.

Mr. Caborn: I will be brief, Miss Widdecombe but, for the record, I should point out that the accounts are laid out in the annual report that I am presenting to the Committee in the normal format of accounts.

Mr. Moss: I am talking not about the accounts that a company would set out, but about the criticism of the Select Committee, which wants to see where the money has gone. The fact that that is not included is the essence of the criticism.

The Minister clarified the source of the new money as the New Opportunities Fund. It is well known that the Government have come under substantial criticism during the past three to six months about the NOF, and a campaign by several newspapers has highlighted several areas of expenditure that do not normally carry public support. There might be a link between areas of expenditure and people's lack of enthusiasm for buying lottery tickets. It might be that the Government have reached on to the shelf and taken the first bid that they could find in order to get rid of some of the money that is accumulating in the distribution fund. That smacks of an over-hasty, knee-jerk reaction to a pressure that was building up with regard to unspent lottery money.

Dr. Andrew Murrison (Westbury): Does my hon. Friend agree that one use for the funds would be to cancel out the reduction in lottery funding—from £32 million to £17 million—for village halls, which is causing great distress to many rural constituents?

Mr. Moss: My hon. Friend makes an important point. However, only days ago, a Minister from the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs said that there had been no reduction in expenditure on village halls. The reality is different; many villages are immensely disappointed that their bids have not been successful.

The Minister spoke of conditions attaching to the drawing-down of the new £95 million in funds. He alluded to some of them, but did not give the Committee any details. It would be helpful if he could place details of those conditions in the Library. He went on to say that the Government wish to see NESTA making a more even geographical distribution of the moneys, and a better balance between the sectors for which NESTA is responsible. NESTA rejected that criticism by the Select Committee. It did not want its activities to be proscribed or to have to meet targets. We know that the Government are fixated on targets. Can the Minister tell us why he thinks that he will get the kind of response that he wants from NESTA, if he is going to tie conditions to extra money that NESTA does not like?

The objectives of NESTA are clear. They are:

    ''helping talented individuals or groups in the fields of science, technology and the arts to realise their potential . . . helping to turn inventions or ideas in these fields into products and services which can be effectively exploited; and . . . contributing to public knowledge and appreciation of science, technology and the arts.''

In each of those objectives, the key words are science, technology and the arts. However, none of those words appears in paragraph 2 of the order, which is about the increase in the endowment. The money is said to be available

    ''for expenditure on or in connection with health, education or the environment''.

Why are those three areas mentioned in the legislation, while there is no reiteration of the key areas of science, technology and the arts? It seems that the Government are again siphoning off lottery money to use in areas of public expenditure that should be taken care of from the public purse. What projects are covered? I can see a connection between science and health and, of course, education. I cannot see how it ties up with the environment. Why only those three—why not every Department? If it is a free-for-all, everybody should be listed. Can the Minister explain why there seems to be a deviation from the key objectives of NESTA by introducing those elements into the legislation?

I return to the sixth report of the Science and Technology Committee, ''National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts: A Follow-up'', which was published last October. NESTA has given answers to some of its recommendations, and I am grateful to the Committee Clerk for having provided them today. The report's conclusions were damning, although the Minister brushed them aside this afternoon. Perhaps it would be helpful if I quote from them:

    ''we remain to be convinced that NESTA is making the most of its less than expected income. We are not impressed by NESTA's lackadaisical attitude to figures. We have some concerns about the lack of open competition''—

Committee suspended for a Division in the House.  

 
The Chairman: It may be convenient for the Committee to know that I shall put the question at 4.15 pm, if it has not been put before then, to take the Division into account.

Mr. Moss: I was halfway through some quotes from the conclusion of the Select Committee:

    ''We have some concerns about the lack of open competition in the system for nominating Fellows. We call for NESTA to put more substance than spin into its reports to the public.''

Finally, and perhaps most damningly, it said:

    ''NESTA needs to demonstrate greater control over its income as a whole before it can claim to merit a substantial increase in its endowment''.

That was written only two months ago. Given that critical and rather damning report, the Minister has failed to explain why the Government think it necessary to hand out more cash to an organisation whose house, in the Select Committee's view, is not in order.

The statutory instrument gives NESTA more money when, overall, lottery funds are diminishing. That means that NESTA will enjoy an increasing share of a diminishing cake at the expense of other groups and organisations, which will receive less, relatively. There is a problem with the lottery, as we well know. The latest figures confirm that ticket sales are still on a downward trend. That is further evidence of the crisis facing the national lottery. That crisis will result in less money being made available to the good causes that the lottery was set up to support. The Opposition have always said that the Government must act, and act quickly, to restore confidence in the lottery, otherwise the downward spiral will continue. In the words of my hon. Friend the Member for Taunton (Mr. Flook), the Government should stop

    ''raiding . . . the cookie jar to support programmes that should be funded by the taxpayer''—[Official Report, 16 December 2002; Vol. 396, c. 523.]

and should issue new guidelines to ensure that lottery grants are given to good causes that enjoy widespread support.

I do not believe that the Minister has made a case for the extra money. We understand the need to make up a shortfall, but if the matter had been thought through at the beginning, that could now be done in a different way. The additional moneys might go to projects and schemes that do not receive the support of the general public, who contribute to the lottery fund, as we know.

Bob Russell: When the lottery was set up, it was not intended that money it raised would be used for the purposes for which it is being asked today. That said, it would be somewhat churlish to vote against additional moneys for the good cause that we have being hearing about. Or is it a good cause? Clearly, there are doubts. The Select Committee and the hon. Member for North-East Cambridgeshire (Mr. Moss) have suggested that all is not well with NESTA and the national lottery. Certainly, I could find better uses for the money. It could go to amateur sporting organisations or community groups. Village halls have been mentioned, and I would widen that to include community halls. Many halls in our urban neighbourhoods need funding.

However, we are considering the NESTA project. In his introduction, the Minister said that NESTA is to give support to the nation's talent. Given the total sum that has been earmarked and the interest that it generates, which will be spent annually, it would take the best part of 100 years to match the money that was squandered in one year on the millennium dome. Such is the Government's commitment to support for the nation's talent that they are giving just 1 per cent. per annum of what was blown on the dome.

Does the Minister feel that the amount of money that has been allocated has been put to good effect, bearing in mind the fact that more than £34 million has been spent on 270 people and projects? That does not strike me as a particularly wide use of money. It has gone to a tiny number of individuals and projects. We want excellence in society, but we must ensure that the pyramid has a broad base. We need to inject more money across the whole of NESTA's remit. Without a broad pyramid, we cannot achieve excellence, be it in sport, arts or technology. In view of the narrow field that NESTA seems to cover, I question how serious the Government are when they say that the money is to be used to support the nation's talent. I suggest that support for 270 people and projects is hardly indicative of support for the nation's talent.

The New Opportunities Fund was established to fund activities and projects that should properly be funded from national taxation. It was never intended that health, education and allied activities would be funded by gambling—which is what the lottery is. We are talking about using gambling money to fund these projects. It would be churlish not to support any measure that provides additional support for the worthy causes mentioned in the order, but I urge the Minister and his team to think seriously about whether the use of lottery money for this purpose is within the spirit of the national lottery. He knows full well that the sporting world in particular is having a smaller slice of the lottery cake. The problem is not just that ticket sales are at their lowest ever, but the way that the cake is being sliced. Sport is one of the losers.

I conclude by referring to recommendation 14 in the Select Committee's report, which was briefly mentioned by the hon. Member for North-East Cambridgeshire. He quoted the first sentence, which reads:

    ''We believe it is premature for NESTA to request a significant increase in its endowment.''

The rest of that recommendation deserves to be put on the record too. It reads:

    ''First it must better demonstrate its cost-effectiveness and be clear about how it would use its extra funds. It is a bit rich for an organisation getting £8 million a year to distribute in grants and bursaries, to go asking for more, when it is unable to maintain a clear grasp of how much it is spending and on what.''

Will the Minister advise all those other organisations that are desperate for lottery money how they can get the key to the NESTA door? Clearly those organisations that are involved with NESTA have an opportunity. They have a door that opens up into Government where they can secure additional funds, but all those other worthy organisations seemingly do not have that chance. I hope that the Minister will explain how we can all get a key to the NESTA door.

Dr. Murrison: It is a pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Colchester (Bob Russell). I may be able to help him. The defining characteristic of NESTA is that it is desperately trendy. Many of the other organisations that he described are great, and they serve our constituents on a daily basis, but they are not trendy. Carol Vorderman is on the board on NESTA, so how could it be anything but trendy?

NESTA has huge overheads not only because of the incredible reports that it produces year after year, but because it has serviced itself with some extremely nice premises that have been hewn out of Billingsgate market. I have never visited them, but I am reliably informed that they are very smart. That hangs poorly with the fact that NESTA is meant to be distributing public largesse.

NESTA has sponsored some extremely worthwhile projects, and I pay tribute to the good work that it has done, but how could it have failed to do good work with all the cash that it has received? I share the view of Richard Morrison, a journalist for The Times, who wrote about NESTA in June 2001. He took my line at that time: he was a little bit dubious about the outfit, but he thought that it should be given more time because, although we appreciated that it would make mistakes, we felt that it might come up with that little sparkling gem that would change the world. We expected to see failures from NESTA—it was almost set up to sponsor projects that would fail. However, we also expected to see at least one or two sparkling gems in the sea of failure. To date, we have not seen any.

A while ago, I wrote to Jeremy Newton, the chief executive of NESTA, to ask about a particularly bright idea. In common, I suspect, with most hon. Members, I object to chewing gum on pavements, and there was an idea to combat that with a special zapping laser gun that would remove it by performing a kind of ''Star Wars'' treatment on the streets of London. I was intrigued by that project. Tens of thousands of pounds were devoted to it, but it has sunk without trace—it has failed. However, that is all right, as we expect such failures from NESTA, because of the sort of organisation that it is.

Another project was to give money to some hair biologists in Bradford, who were going to turn grey hair into its natural colour. Many hon. Members who are present might find that useful.

Mr. Moss: It is too late.

Dr. Murrison: It is too late for some hon. Members, but some of us have a full head of fairly normal hair, so we do not need scientific intervention. However, I am not selfish; I appreciate that many people would benefit from that. We do not know how successful that project has been. I do not know about that project's battle against grey roots, but I am looking for some green shoots to show that NESTA can deliver the goods, and we have not seen any.

We have been told that NESTA has received its first royalty cheque. The Select Committee on Science and Technology was informed of that, and I pressed NESTA about it. All I was told was that its value was less than £1,000, which I took to mean that the royalty cheques were to be graded in a certain way—under £1,000, over £1,000, and so forth. I was not told precisely how much that cheque was worth, or whether it was anything more than a token, but my suspicion is that it was shy of £1,000 by quite a lot.

Miss Widdecombe, you are probably developing the view that I am not a great fan of NESTA. That is true to an extent, but I am prepared to give it the benefit of the doubt, and to give it a little longer to see what it produces. However, at this stage of the game, I cannot support a measure that will increase the money that NESTA receives. To do that would be wrong.

Judging by the Minister's comments, he regards lottery money as public funds, and so do I. I think about what the man in front of me in the newspaper shop on a Saturday morning who is queuing for his lottery ticket wants his money to be spent on. Would he want it to be spent on Covent garden, or to support a left-leaning poet to have what is called dream time for three years and produce poetry? There is even a nice picture of that poet in the back of the recent NESTA report: Tom Paulin has produced something called ''The Invasion Handbook'', which is intriguing and I shall get it from my library. I have read reviews of it, and I do not think that it will appeal to me, but I shall nevertheless read it. My point is that I suspect that the vast majority of my constituents have never heard of Tom Paulin, let alone his book.

However, they have heard of village halls and community centres, and they use them. Across the country those places are deteriorating because of regulation heaped on regulation that restricts how they can spend their moneyhealth and safety, fire precautions and so forth. They are all in dire straits. Their lottery funding has been cut from £32 million to £17 million. Surely it is right to spend lottery money on the people who buy lottery tickets. Unfortunately, that is no longer the case, as funding relevant to our constituents on a daily basis has been cut substantially.

I shall quote from Richard Morrison's article of 18 months ago, which was disobliging but telling. He said:

    ''For the moment, then, I have banned cynicism about Nesta from this column, if not from the world at large. But the organisation must start to deliver success stories soon. As the dismal recent history of the British film industry proves, it is all too easy to 'invest' a sackful of lottery millions and good intentions in 'promising talents', sit back and wait for glory—and end up with a hundred duds, each one sinking with a more embarrassing gurgle than the one before.''

It is slightly tongue-in-cheek, and Lord Puttnam went on to describe Richard Morrison as ''an entertainer'', which was a bit below the belt, but that was all right because Morrison had described Lord Puttnam as ''the Pooh Bah of Labour cultural life''. The point was that much of the money appears to be heaped on the Islington dinner party set and not enough on causes to inspire the people who buy a lottery ticket on a Saturday morning.

I shall leave it there. It is wholly wrong—and our constituents would not accept it—to heap more money on an organisation that, by its own admission, is not coming up with much at present. I would take it as a personal affront if, after a damning report from the Select Committee on Science and Technology, this Committee voted in favour of more moneys for such an organisation. If that happened, I would return to my Committee and ask what was the point of all the hard work that we put in to examine NESTA and produce the report. The Science and Technology Committee is full of educationists, scientists and others whom one would expect to be sympathetic to NESTA and its objectives. We said that we would suspend judgment and give NESTA more time to come up with some gems. Let us see the gems: then the extra money can be justified, but not before.

Mr. Moss: Will the Minister clarify what sums NESTA asked for 18 months ago? He mentioned £300 million in his opening remarks. Did that comprise the £200 million that NESTA already had plus another £100 million, or was the £300 million on top of the £200 million?

Mr. Caborn: The £300 million was on top of the £200 million. NESTA asked for the money 18 months ago, and we rejected its request at the time. We then got into a dialogue. In the main, our work on the issue has been sound, and the investment is right, but, as I said in my opening remarks, NESTA must be able to walk before it can run. There must be more consolidation and a small amount of growth in the areas that I described.

Mr. Moss: So we have an organisation that was the subject of a damning Select Committee report only a few months ago and which asked for its funding to be doubled 12 months before that. What justification did it offer for that massive increase?

Mr. Caborn: Many organisations come to us. Indeed, Wembley plc asked for £300 million before the election.

Mr. Moss: It was not double.

Mr. Caborn: It was more than double. We had given it £120 million, and it asked for £300 million on top of that. Picketts Lock was another project that we decided not to fund, much to the Opposition's disgust. We turned down several of the demands that were laid before the DCMS for lottery funding.

Let me return to the specific point, NESTA asked for £300 million, and we did not believe that the request was justified at the time. We gave our reasons in our response to the Select Committee. The money that is now being released is subject to clear terms of reference, and we expect NESTA to deliver on them. As hon. Members will see from our response to the Select Committee report, we will ensure that that discipline is brought to bear.  

Mr. Caborn: I hear what my hon. Friend says. Indeed, we may reconsider that. I refer the Committee to what I said earlier; we have consulted extensively about the distribution of lottery money, as well as on the new licensing arrangements, and I hope that the views of hon. Members and their constituents will be heard. The consultation closed on 30 October, and we will respond in the not too distant future.

The words

    ''health, education or the environment''

are linked to science technology and the arts; and NESTA is bound to link those three disciplines to health education and the environment.

Mr. Moss: That does not explain why the Government have decided to put those three disciplines in the order. We all know that health and education have a scientific input, but why have the Government chosen only those three areas? It smacks of the Government attempting to use lottery resources for what would otherwise be mainline public expenditure.

Mr. Caborn: We do not have to explain all the details in the order itself. I am here to explain them. If the hon. Gentleman were to reflect on what I said when opening the debate, he would see how the innovation and development in the areas laid down in NESTA's terms of reference are linked to health, education and the environment. We have discussed those three areas with NESTA because we believe that they could be the most productive; and that is why they are mentioned in the order. I hope that that makes sense.

As for the cynical way in which it is alleged that we have used NOF's funds to reduce the overall reserves of the lottery for distribution, which stand at about £3.5 billion, it is totally wrong. However, I agree that the reserves must come down, and we have been meeting with the distributors for the past 12 to 18 months to try to find ways to achieve that. We have also been working with the Treasury to ensure that it is helpful in bringing the reserves down. As long as the £3.5 billion is committed, the asset can be used more effectively in good causes—it needs just a little imagination—and we are working with the distributors to try to ensure that that happens.

Mr. Moss: A question has just occurred to me. Where is the £3.5 billion of lottery money invested? Is it invested in Government gilts? If so, do the Government give the interest on the investment to the lottery fund?

Mr. Caborn: Yes, they do. The money is invested, and the profits—the dividends received or surpluses made—are invested in good causes. I cannot say exactly where the money is invested, but the £200 million endowment about which the hon. Gentleman asked is invested on behalf of NESTA by the national debt commissioners in a range of Government stocks and bonds, as defined in the financial direction. NESTA dictates which of the investments are used but does not have direct access to the endowment capital for investment purposes. The income derived from the endowment is invested and managed by NESTA and used to fund its programmes, but the national debt commissioners manage the portfolio.

With regard to the comments of the hon. Member for Colchester, I suppose that we could all selectively quote from reports. However, the report's conclusion actually congratulates NESTA. The Select Committee was not entirely critical but thought that, in principle, NESTA funds were invested in the right way and the Government's objectives in setting up NESTA were being achieved. The concerns of the Select Committee, which have been concerns of the Government as well, will be dealt with under the review that is taking place.

I believe that the way that we have set up the investment in the endowment is in the spirit of the national lottery. I am sure that the hon. Gentleman, like many others and me, has received representations from organisations and his constituents that the investment of lottery money was not as creative as it could be. We have tried to resolve some of the problems with revenue rather than capital and have brought down to manageable proportions the amounts given—I believe that grants of £5,000 and £10,000 have increased considerably. We have regionalised much of the distribution to ensure that it is meeting the requirements of localities at regional and sub-regional level, and we shall keep under constant review the way that we distribute the funds to ensure that changing circumstances are factored into distribution.

The Government have made their case for investing in what we believe is an innovative way of helping our entrepreneurs and scientists by bringing the convergence of disciplines together. That was not picked up by the conventional market place, in which great opportunities have been missed, as is clear from the work that we have done. We hope that such opportunities will not be missed in the future and believe that we are taking a major step to ensure that.

That is not to say that everything is right. As we said in our response to the Select Committee, we shall keep the matter under constant review. However, I believe that we are justified in bringing the statutory instrument to the House, and I hope that the Committee supports it.